Security analysts warn that Russia may attempt a false flag operation to exploit the risk of a radiological incident on Ukrainian territory as part of an information campaign designed to weaken Western political and military support, according to the Institute for the Study of War (ISW).
The assessment comes amid rising nuclear rhetoric between Moscow and Western governments over future security arrangements for Ukraine following the ongoing conflict.
Analysts say Russian officials have amplified statements from the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service to reinforce warnings about potential nuclear escalation.
Particular diplomatic pressure appears to be directed at the UK and France, which are leading negotiations within the so-called Coalition of the Willing on potential security guarantees for Ukraine after hostilities end.
The Kremlin’s messaging is believed to aim to create fear of confrontation between nuclear powers.
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The Kremlin wants to deter European states from offering long-term defence guarantees to Kyiv and encourage the US to limit support for European security initiatives.
The think tank suggests that Moscow could attempt to exploit, or even cause, a radiological incident for strategic narrative advantage.
Analysts have highlighted some potential scenarios, including damage or disruption to Ukrainian nuclear energy infrastructure, which could threaten regional stability and require immediate attention.
Russian forces have repeatedly been accused of striking Ukraine’s energy system, including facilities connected to nuclear power generation. Such strikes may carry inherent risks of radiological contamination, whether intentional or accidental.
Security uncertainty has accelerated discussions inside Europe about independent strategic deterrence, underscoring the need for coordinated efforts to strengthen collective security.
Discussions have involved exploring extending French nuclear deterrence influence across allied territory under Emmanuel Macron.
Strategic consultations within the European Union regarding continental security architecture and Franco-German dialogue on long-term nuclear defence frameworks.
German Chancellor Friedrich Merz has reportedly supported discussions with Paris about strengthening European strategic deterrence.
Growing geopolitical tension has also intensified debate in Central Europe.
Poland has entered the discussion after President Karol Nawrocki suggested the country should consider developing its own nuclear weapons capability, stating that Poland was “on the brink of armed conflict”.
Russian President Vladimir Putin has claimed that the UK may intend to provide nuclear weapons to Ukraine.
British authorities have dismissed the allegation as false, reiterating that the UK is not pursuing nuclear weapons transfers to Ukraine.
